Evaluation of Proximal Angulation Control for Endovascular Treatment of Type A Aortic Dissection
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Endovascular repair of type A aortic dissection (TAAD) using stent-grafts remains controversial and technically demanding. The complex geometry of the ascending aorta and short proximal landing zones necessitate careful anatomical selection, detailed pre-procedural planning, and precise deployment control. New-generation stent-graft systems allow adjustment of proximal end angulation during deployment; however, the benefits of this capability in TAAD remain insufficiently explored. Virtual stent-graft deployment provides a framework for engineers and clinicians to test proximal angulation control during pre-procedural planning. This study aims to evaluate the impact of proximal stent-graft angulation on landing precision in the ascending aorta for TAAD. Following a request from the aortic multi-disciplinary team (MDT), a finite element based virtual stent-graft deployment model was applied to a patient-specific TAAD reconstructed from computed tomography angiography acquired before intervention [1]. A parametric model of 45–45–100 mm GORE C-TAG stent-graft with Active Control system was created and virtually deployed into the ascending aorta. Two scenarios were simulated: I. centreline-aligned deployment without proximal angulation adjustment, and II. deployment with a 15° proximal angulation toward the left coronary ostium applied at the intermediate stage. Simulation results (Figure 1) show that centreline-aligned deployment (Scenario I) caused proximal migration of the stent-graft, resulting in direct contact between the proximal end and the dissection lamella, with a peak value of maximum principal stress on the lamella of 359.9 kPa. In Scenario II, a 15° proximal angulation stabilised the deployed stent-graft, preserving the intended short landing position between the dissected segment and the aortic sinus and reducing the maximum principal stress on the lamella to 260.7 kPa. These results demonstrate that intermediate-stage proximal angulation control can critically influence the landing position of stent-graft in the ascending aorta. The simulation outcomes were shared with the aortic MDT to support further management strategy discussion.
