4D printing: Programming Shape Morphing of Drying Foods via Symmetry Breaking Patterns
Please login to view abstract download link
4D printing of food entails the programmed shape morphing during processing after printing. In particular we investigate how differential drying of a planar disk-like multimaterial object undergo shape-morphing using a multiphysics Finite Element model, implemented in COMSOL. The disk composes of two materials with strongly contrasting elastic moduli, readily fabricated by a dual-nozzle 3D printer. Because the two materials shrink at different rates during drying, residual stresses build up and trigger buckling. Our model couples large deformations to heat- and mass-transfer processes, predicts that a simple disk with a compliant core and stiff rim spontaneously transforms into a hyperbolic paraboloid. Our design strategy shows how with symmetry-breaking strategies one can tune the final shape. Examples of disc-designs and their shape morphing is shown in figure 1. In the presentation we discuss the governing equations using the weak form, and the quantitative analysis of the shape morphing via buckling using the Fast-Fourier-Transform. It shows that symmetry breaking can be used as a guiding principle for design of the patterning of planar disc. Furthermore, we show examples of new designs, which combines the core-shell disc with bilayer geometry.
