Numerical Investigation of Turbulent Effects in Delta Wing Leading Edge Vortices

  • Tangermann, Eike (Universität der Bundeswehr München)
  • Klein, Markus (Universität der Bundeswehr München)

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Modern fighter aircraft typically feature delta wings due to their favorable aerodynamic properties in relevant flight conditions. The flow field is dominated by a system of vortices arising from the shear layer, which separates while passing the leading edge and consequently rolls up into the low pressure region above the wing. Exact knowledge of the vortex behavior is crucial for optimal design. At technically relevant Reynolds numbers the vortices are highly turbulent and the turbulence field has an impact on the vortex dynamics, hence its structure needs to be understood as well. The present work features an analysis of the formation and development of turbulence in the leading edge vortices on the well-known VFE-2 delta wing model. a highly automated method of post-processing has been developed for the vortex-dominated flow field. The field data has been obtained by numerical simulations with partially resolved turbulence (SAS). The flow field analysis provides clear insight into the mechanism of primary vortex formation. Streamlines emanating from the leading edge are layering radially around the vortex axis. Transfer of momentum between the layers results mostly from viscous and turbulent diffusion, the convective movement remains mostly separated between the layers. The process leads to characteristic radial profiles of Reynolds stresses, which will be discussed in a perspective of cylindrical coordinates to show how the turbulence develops towards vortex breakdown. The Reynolds number variation, however, only has a minor effect to the vortex dynamics with vortex location, intensity and breakdown remaining very similar.