Challenges of High-Lift System Integration into Laminar Wings – a Review
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The feasibility of laminar flow control technology for future wing is bound to the development and integration of a high-lift system that complies with the requirements on smooth surfaces to enable maintaining the laminar boundary layer flow. The high-lift system must be able to achieve a lift generating capability sufficiently close to established systems. A shortfall would lead to requiring larger wing area jeopardizing the benefit of drag and fuel burn reduction. Krueger flaps are currently the mostly discussed high-lift system concept at the leading edge of a laminar transport aircraft wing. They offer a double functionality. Beside the capability to delay wing stall, this device is favoured for its option to prevent the wing surface contamination by dirt or insects in low altitude flight. At the trailing edge system, a call for multi-functionality is driven by thoughts to use a slight trailing edge deflection to trim the boundary layer development towards an improved stability for laminar flow in the sense of variable camber. The duality of the design has for long time driven research in multifunctional moveables that are a multi-disciplinary design topic between aerodynamics, systems and structures. This keynote introducing the STS103 is aiming to review research activities of the past two decades in national and European projects to maturate the high-lift system integration into the different types of laminar wings – may it be Natural Laminar Flow or Hybrid Laminar Flow Control – with views on aerodynamical, structural and system aspects.
