Design Considerations for a Liquid Hydrogen-Powered Aircraft
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The aviation industry is undergoing a major transformation towards achieving net-zero emissions and hydrogen is emerging as one of the most promising alternative fuels. Due to its clean combustion and compatibility with fuel cell technologies, liquid hydrogen offers significant potential for reducing CO2 and NOx emissions in future aircraft. This study presents a conceptual design of a liquid hydrogen-powered aircraft, discussing key design considerations relating to cryogenic fuel storage, system integration, and safety. The proposed concept explores the optimal placement of LH2 tanks to achieve an acceptable balance between structural efficiency, center of gravity control and aerodynamic performance. The work focuses on key design challenges such as integrating cryogenic hydrogen tanks into the airframe and optimising the fuel system, as well as ensuring efficient thermal management. Particular attention is given to safety aspects, weight distribution and aerodynamic implications associated with large cryogenic systems.
