A Phase Field Description of Anodic Dissolution in Electrochemical Machining
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The basic idea behind electrochemical machining (ECM) is to process a workpiece using the chemical effect of anodic dissolution. This non-conventional process enables contactless machining of metal to achieve high surface finishes without inducing residual stresses. Currently, identifying the necessary process parameters requires multiple time-consuming and costly experimental test runs. Therefore, the development of precise and stable computational methods to predict material dissolution should contribute to the more sustainable application of the ECM process. In our previous work, we introduced a homogenized description of anodic dissolution, using the dissolution level as an inner variable. The material parameters within the electrical boundary value problem are determined based on classical mixture rules, taking into account the parameters of the dissolving metal and the surrounding electrolyte. To ensure contact between the electrolyte and metal within the developed evolution equations for the dissolution level, we introduced an activation function. To overcome related mesh sensitivity issues, we derived a phase field approach [3], in which the dissolution evolution is predicted based on the Allen–Cahn equation. Following the presentation of the variationally formulated material model, we will present numerical results to study the influence of process parameters, as well as demonstrate the ability to simulate the machining of workpieces with different surface roughnesses. REFERENCES [1] T. van der Velden, B. Rommes, A. Klink, S. Reese and J. Waimann. A novel approach for the efficient modeling of material dissolution in electrochemical machining. International Journal of Solids and Structures, Vol. 229, 111106, 2021. [2] J. Waimann, A. Schmidt and C. F. Niordson. A novel phase-field description for the anodic dissolution during electrochemical machining. Materials Research Proceedings, Vol. 54, pp. 2193-2199, 2025.
