A Mathematical Model for Cell Forces and Cell Migration
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Cell migration and cellular forces are prevalent in many physiological processes such as cancer development, organ development and dermal contraction that occurs as a result of deep tissue injury. The presentation will focus on a mathematical formulation for cellular forces where the cell boundary is divided into segments on which the cell can exert forces on its direct environment. Since the cell is assumed to be much smaller than its environment, we treat the cellular forces by the use of a series of point forces that are mathematically described using Dirac delta distributions. For the unbounded domains, Green’s fundamental solutions are available in case of linear elasticity, on which we can apply the superposition principle to arrive at convergence to a immerse interface formulation in terms of integrals over the interface that separates the cell from its outer surroundings. Next to this mathematical approach, we show some applications of cells that migrate through channels where they change the microstructure of the skeleton of the channel walls, such that the forces that they exert give raise to permanent deformations. This is mathematically modelled by a morphoelastic formulation. This application is characterized by cellular deformation as well as migration. We also elucidate the interaction between stalk and follower cells. The mathematical problem is solved using a finite element method.
