Cementitious material carbonation is a physicochemical process arising from the penetration of CO2 into cement matrix [1]. This process alters the microstructures through the carbonation of hydration products such as portlandite and calcium silicate hydrate, leading to the formation of calcium carbonate [1]. The chemical interactions between external CO2 and internal hydrates are closely intermingled with the mechanical properties of the materials [2]; thus, the corresponding chemical phenomenon can be integrated with the mechanical modelling for the development of a rigorous analytical predictive model [1,2]. Micromechanics can be used for chemo-mechanical modeling by homogenizing the properties of hydration and carbonation products [3,4]. Moreover, thermodynamic modelling can quantitatively specify the phase assemblages of hydration products with considerations of raw materials and environmental conditions [5]. From this perspective, such coupled chemo-micromechanical modelling can be adopted as an analytical method to address the carbonation-induced changes in both microstructure and mechanical properties of cementitious materials [6,7]. This paper reviews the chemo-micromechanical modeling for cementitious material carbonation in the literature. Moreover, a preliminary study conducted by the authors to predict the physicochemical characteristics of carbonated cementitious materials is briefly introduced [8].