A Bi-Directional FEM–DEM Coupling Framework for Simulating Particle-Based Vibration Damping

  • Westphal, Hanna (Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg)
  • Prasad, Braj Bhushan (Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg)
  • Rottengruber, Hermann (Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg)
  • Woschke, Elmar (Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg)

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Particle dampers are increasingly recognized as an effective passive vibration-reduction technology due to the high energy-dissipation capacity of granular materials. Previous experimental investigations have demonstrated their ability to reduce vibration amplitudes in applications such as wind-turbine components and electric-vehicle powertrains[1]. However, a comprehensive theoretical understanding of the underlying attenuation configurations remains limited. This contribution presents the step toward such an understanding by developing a simulation framework capable of resolving the complex, highly non-linear dynamics of particle dampers. The key objective is to demonstrate that the discrete element method (DEM) and finite element method (FEM) bi-directional coupling strategy, established by Dratt et al. [2] for material-handling processes, can be directly transferred to the particle-damper concept. By leveraging this established DEM–FEM coupling, the aim is to show that the calibration procedures widely used for rapid granular flow and low-consolidation, non-cohesive materials [3] are also applicable for simulating particle dampers operating in structural vibration regime. In this work, particle motion and particle–wall interactions are resolved with the open-source DEM solver LIGGGHTS, while the structural response is computed using the commercial FEM software ANSYS. The resulting coupled framework allows the exchange of forces and displacements between both domains and enables the detailed analysis of dissipation mechanisms arising from particle collisions, friction, and packing dynamics. Establishing this methodological transfer from material-handling simulations to vibration provides a foundation for future parametric studies and for developing predictive design tools for particle dampers. REFERENCES [1] B. B. Prasad, An experimental parametric analysis of particle dampers for optimizing their applications. PhD thesis, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg (2025), http://dx.doi.org/10.25673/120796. [2] M. Dratt and A. Katterfeld, Coupling of FEM and DEM simulations to consider dynamic deformations under particle load, Granular Matter, 19, no.3 (2017): 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10035-017-0728-3 [3] T. Rößler; C. Richter; A. Katterfeld; F. Will: Development of a standard calibration procedure for the DEM parameters of cohesionless bulk materials part I - solving the problem of ambiguous parameter combinations. In: Powder technology: 343 (2019),