Our visual perception of the world heavily relies on sophisticated and delicate biological mechanisms, and any disruption to these mechanisms negatively impacts our lives. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affects the central field of vision and has become increasingly common in our society, thereby generating a surge of academic and clinical interest. I will present some recent developments in the mathematical modelling of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as a viscoelastic material in the context of AMD; the RPE cell layer supports photoreceptor survival by providing nutrients and participating in the visual cycle and “cellular maintenance”. Our objectives include modelling the aging and degeneration of the RPE with a mechanistic approach, as well as predicting the progression of atrophic lesions in the epithelial tissue. This is a joint work with the research team of Prof. M. Paques at Hôpital National des Quinze-Vingts (Paris).